;in  of  the  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology 


CAMBRIDi 
'HINTED 


Bulletin  of  the  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology 

AT   HARVARD   COLLEGE. 

VOL.  LX.    No.  12. 


THE  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT. 


BY  H.  F.  WICKHAM. 


WITH  SEVEN  PLATES. 


CAMBRIDGE,  MASS.,  U.  S.  A.: 

PRINTED  FOR  THE  MUSEUM. 

OCTOBER,  1916. 


No.  12. —  The  Fossil  Elateridae  of  Florissant. 
BY  H.  F.  WICKHAM. 

ELATERID  beetles  are  fairly  common  as  fossils.  Some  of  the  earli- 
est Coleoptera  known,  occurring  in  the  Triassic  rocks,  had  the  form 
of  an  Elater  more  or  less  sketched  out  but,  according  to  Handlirsch, 
who  has  seen  the  specimens,  none  of  them  displayed  characters  which 
would  allow  them  to  be  placed  in  the  modern  family  with  any  cer- 
tainty. Again,  in  the  Liassic  beds,  the  elateriform  Coleoptera  ap- 
peared, this  time  in  rather  greater  abundance,  but  even  yet  they  seem 
to  present  no  evidence  of  belonging  to  the  family  in  a  proper  sense. 
The  lithographic  chalk  of  Jurassic  times  has  furnished  insects  which 
have  even  been  referred  to  the  recent  genus  Elater  but  here,  as  before, 
Handlirsch  believes  that  the  closeness  of  relationship  has  been  over- 
estimated, though  he  states  that  his  Jurassic  genus  Malmelater 
belongs  at  any  rate  to  the  Elateridae.  This  seems  to  be  the  earliest 
well-supported  record  of  the  appearance  of  the  family  in  geologic  time. 

Following  the  Jurassic,  we  have  a  period  of  immense  duration  in 
which  no  large  deposits  of  Coleoptera  were  made  or,  if  they  exist, 
none  have  been  discovered.  No  more  Elateridae  are  recorded  until, 
after  the  opening  of  the  Tertiary,  when  they  begin  to  be  at  least 
moderately  numerous.  Menge  is  said  to  have  had  130  specimens 
from  the  Amber  fauna.  In  the  later  deposits  of  Oeningen  and  other 
European  Miocene  localities  they  seem  to  be  quite  abundant,  Heer 
having  described  many,  some  in  fine  preservation.  By  this  time  they 
had  become  so  much  like  our  modern  forms  that  generic  identity 
frequently  seems  quite  well  established  though  one  cannot  feel  sure 
that  some  important  character  may  not  have  been  carried  away  with 
a  missing  member.  Tarsal  lobes  and  claw-teeth  scarcely  ever  remain 
intact,  the  mesosternum  is  often  too  distorted  to  study  and  in  many 
instances  it  is  impossible  to  make  out  the  limits  of  the  metacoxal 
plates  which  play  so  large  a  part  in  the  classifications  of  systematists. 

In  the  way  of  giving  at  a  glance  the  published  standing  of  Elateri- 
dae in  Tertiary  strata,  the  following  outline,  compiled  mostly  from 
Handlirsch  and  with  his  assignment  of  the  age  of  each  deposit,  may 
be  useful.  The  records  are  given  by  localities  in  preference  to  arrange- 
ment by  generic  sequence. 


BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

Paludina  Beds,  England.  Lower  Eocene. 

Elater  sp. 

Baltic  Amber.  Lower  Oligocene. 

Eucnemidae,  (many).  Elater,  including  Ampedus,  (seven 
Eucnemis  sp.  sp.). 

Microrhagus  sp.  Elater  naumanni   Giebel. 

Elateridae,  (many).  Agriotes  sp. 

Cardiophorus,  (two  ?  sp.).  Limonius,  (two  sp.). 

Cryptohypnus,  (two  sp.).  Athous  sp. 

Aix.  Lower  Oligocene. 

Elater,  (two  sp.). 

Siebengebirge.  Upper  Oligocene. 

Silicernius  spectabilis  Heyd. 

Greith,  Switzerland.  Upper  Oligocene. 

Elaterites  amissus  Heer. 

Spitzbergen.  Lower  Miocene. 

Elater  holmgreni  Heer.  Elater  ehrenwardi  Heer. 

Kutschlin,  Bohemia.  Lower  Miocene. 

Campsosternus  atavus  Deichm.       Elaterites  dicrepidioides  Deichm. 

«  Oeningen.  Upper  Miocene. 

Adelocera  granulata  Heer.  Ischnodes  gracilis  Heer. 

Lacon  primordialis  Heer.  Limonius  optabilis  Heer. 

Alaus  spectabilis  Heer.  Corymbites  sutor  Heer. 

Cardiophorus  brauni  Heer.  Elaterites  lavateri  Heer. 

Cardiophorus  sp.  nov.  Elaterites  obsoletus  Heer. 

Elater,  (five  sp.).  Elaterites,  (five  sp.). 
Ampedus  seyfriedi  Heer. 

Myszyn,  Galicia.  Upper  Miocene. 

Elater  wisniowskii  Lomn. 

From  the  above  list,  it  will  be  seen  that  only  eighteen  species  have 
been  specifically  characterized  from  the  European  Tertiaries,  scarcely 
enough  to  make  a  comparison  with  the  Florissant  fauna  of  any  value. 
It  should  be  noted,  however,  that  several  of  the  principal  genera  are 
taken  to  be  identical  in  the  two  areas.  Too  much  confidence  must 
not  be  given  the  determinations  in  any  case.  Outside  of  the  Floris- 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  495 

sant  district,  the  only  North  American  Tertiary  Elateridae  thus  far 
made  known  are  these: — 

Green  River,  Wyo.  Oligocene. 

Corymbites  velatus  Scudd. 

White  River,  Colorado-Utah.  Oligocene. 

Epiphanis  deletus  Scudd. 

Fossil,  Wyo.  Oligocene. 

Adocetus  buprestoides  Scudd. 

Similkameen  River,  B.  C.  Miocene. 

Limonius  impunctus  Scudd.  Elaterites  sp. 

Nicola  River,  B.  C.  Miocene. 

Cryptohypnus  (?)  terrestris  Scudd. 

These  five  records  (since  that  of  Elaterites  cannot  be  considered  as 
having  any  special  value)  are  even  less  illuminating  than  those  of 
Europe.  Three  of  the  genera  are  now  recognized  from  Florissant. 

Years  ago,  Scudder  announced  that  he  had  about  forty  species  of 
Florissant  Elateridae  but  he  never  gave  them  detailed  study  and  it  is 
probable  that  the  number  was  somewhat  overestimated.  At  any 
rate,  when  I  looked  through  his  collections  in  1912  I  was  unable  to 
distinguish  so  many  and  of  those  in  his  cabinet  a  good  proportion  was 
too  poor  for  identification.  Later  explorations  have  brought  in  about 
as  many  specimens  as  were  known  to  Scudder  and  by  a  study  of  the 
material  belonging  to  the  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology,  the 
United  States  National  Museum,  the  Princeton  University  Geological 
Museum,  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado  and  the  Peabody 
Museum  of  Yale  University,  supplemented  by  a  collection  of  my  own, 
I  have  separated  forty-three  species  with  some  degree  of  certainty 
as  to  their  generic  and  specific  affiliations.  For  convenience  in  making 
comparisons,  this  list  is  appended.  Excepting  four  which  I  have 
described  in  earlier  papers,  all  are  new  and  are  characterized  in  the 
body  of  this  article. 

Eucneminae. 

Eucnemis  antiquatus.  Microrhagus  miocenicus. 

Del  tome  topus  fossilis.  Microrhagus  vulcanicus. 

Fornax  relictus. 


496 


BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 


Elaterinae. 


Lacon  exhumatus. 
Cardiophorus  lithographus. 
Cardiophorus  jflorissantensis. 
Cardiophorus  cockerelli. 
Cardiophorus  requiescens. 
Cardiophorus  (?)  deprivatus. 
Horistonotus  coloradensis. 
Cryptohypnus  exterminatus. 
Cryptohypnus  hesperus. 
Anchastus  eruptus. 
Anchastus  diluvialis. 
Monocrepidius  dubiosus. 
Elater  rohweri. 
Elater  scudderi. 
Elater  florissantensis. 
Megapenthes  primaevus. 
Cryptagriotes  minusculus. 
Agriotes  coraminutus. 
Agriotes  nearcticus. 


Limonius  aboriginalis. 
Limonius  florissantensis. 
Limonius  praecursor. 
Limonius  shoshonis. 
Limonius  volans. 
Athous  lethalis. 
Athous  contusus. 
Athous  fractus. 
Paranomus  exanimatus. 
Paranomus  heeri. 
Paranomus  laevissimus. 
Ludiophanes  haydeni. 
Corymbites  granulicollis. 
Corymbites  primitivus. 
Corymbites  submersus. 
Corymbites  restructus. 
Corymbites  propheticus. 
Oxygonus  primus. 
Melanactes  cockerelli. 


Assuming  the  above  species  to  be  correctly  referred  to  their  re- 
spective genera,  analysis  shows  that  five  belong  to  the  Eucneminae, 
the  remaining  thirty-eight  to  the  Elaterinae.  Of  those  in  the  second 
category,  one  belongs  to  the  Agrypnini,  the  other  thirty-seven  to  the 
Elaterini  which  holds  today  the  great  bulk  of  North  American  species 
of  the  subfamily.  According  to  the  classification  adopted  by  LeConte, 
the  Elaterini  separates  on  the  basis  of  the  structure  of  the  metacoxal 
plates  into  two  subtribes,  the  Elaterini  (genuini)  and  the  Corym- 
bitini,  dividing  the  North  American  species  between  them  almost 
exactly  in  the  ratio  of  three  to  four.  Of  the  fossils,  fifteen  are  referred 
to  the  first  subtribe,  twenty-two  to  the  second,  giving  a  ratio  rather 
startlingly  similar.  Of  course  the  number  of  species  involved  is  small 
enough  to  allow  a  considerable  percentage  of  error  to  creep  in,  should 
the  identifications  turn  out  to  be  wrong  in  any  case,  but  the  conclu- 
sions must  be  held  to  have  some  weight.  On  the  face  of  the  matter, 
the  figures  would  indicate  that  the  relative  percentages  of  Elaterini 
and  Corymbitini  were  almost  the  same  at  Florissant  during  the  Mio- 
cene as  they  are  in  North  America  in  general  today. 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  497 

Making  some  comparisons  with  the  recent  Elateridae  of  Colorado, 
we  find  recorded  in  the  catalogue  of  the  beetles  of  that  state  about 
seventy-three  species,  three  of  which  are  Eucneminae,  leaving  seventy 
in  the  Elaterinae.  Of  these,  three  are  Agrypnini,  three  Chalcole- 
pidiini  (a  tribe  not  represented  among  our  fossils  and  containing  large 
species  rather  tropical  than  otherwise  in  their  general  range,  though  the 
Colorado  representatives  are  of  the  genus  Alaus  which  runs  well  to  the 
north)  while  the  rest,  sixty-four  in  number,  are  Elaterini.  These 
Elaterini  are  divided  into  twenty-nine  which  belong  to  the  subtribe 
Elaterini  proper  and  thirty-five  to  the  Corymbitini,  a  moderate 
divergence  from  the  ratio  shown  at  Florissant  in  the  Miocene.  If 
we  may  depend  upon  these  figures,  the  evidence  indicates  a  rather 
remarkable  similarity  in  conditions  then  and  now. 

Two  or  three  items  of  generic  comparison  deserve  notice.  In 
looking  over  the  fossils  I  was  surprised  to  find  such  an  apparent  rich- 
ness in  Cardiophorus;  but  turning  to  the  Colorado  catalogue  it  will 
be  noted  that  Cardiophorus  now  has  no  less  than  eight  representatives 
in  the  state,  against  the  five  known  as  fossils.  Here  again,  the  two 
ratios  are  remarkable  for  their  similarity.  Of  the  genus  Corymbites, 
we  finfcl  sixteen  recent  Colorado  species  against  five  fossils  —  indi- 
cating that  this  genus,  relatively  to  the  other  Corymbitini,  was  only 
half  as  numerously  represented  then  as  at  present.  Of  the  twenty-one 
genera  included  in  the  entire  list  of  fossils,  nine  are  not  now  known 
from  Colorado;  two  of  these  are  erected  as  new,  four  others  are  fairly 
distinctively  northern  and  none  of  the  three  remaining  can  be  con- 
sidered southern  types.  In  fact,  there  is  nothing  in  the  fossil  Elateri- 
dae to  indicate  tropical  or  subtropical  conditions  or  origin. 

Something  should  be  said  regarding  the  facies  of  this  collection  of 
Elateridae.  On  looking  through  the  list,  one  will  be  struck  at  once 
by  the  fact  that  it  is  made  up,  in  the  main,  of  species  belonging  to 
large  and  well-known  genera,  mostly  those  of  wide  distribution. 
Even  if  we  allow  that  the  preservation  of  fossil  beetles  is  practically 
never  good  enough  to  permit  absolute  certainty  in  generic  identifica- 
tion, it  remains  true  that  these  Florissant  Elateridae  do  not,  even  in  a 
single  instance,  exhibit  anything  conspicuous  or  remarkable  in  size  or 
form.  This  family,  today,  is  by  no  means  without  peculiar  and 
highly  modified  members,  some  of  them  reaching  great  size,  others 
displaying  oddities  in  outline  or  in  the  development  of  various  por- 
tions of  the  body,  as  will  be  seen  in  glancing  over  the  plates  in  the 
extensive  monograph  of  Candeze.  We  are  forced  here,  to  the  same 
conclusion  as  in  so  many  of  the  other  families  —  that  the  Florissant 


49o  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

fauna,  outside  of  the  rhynchophorous  series,  comprised  a  rather 
monotonous  and  little  specialized  lot  of  beetles. 

This  paper,  with  another  now  in  press  elsewhere,  will  bring  the 
number  of  published  Coleoptera  from  these  shales  up  to  about  566 
species,  and  may  be  considered  as  very  nearly  ending  the  task  of 
working  up  the  available  material.  What  remains  consists  of  isolated 
species  in  various  families  so  scattered  through  the  whole  order  as  not 
essentially  to  disturb  the  conclusions  already  reached  in  regard  to  the 
number  and  nature  of  the  representation  of  each  group.  The  rich- 
ness of  this  fauna  remains  absolutely  unapproached  by  that  of  any 
other  known  deposit,  unless  the  many  unworked  collections  of  Amber 
insects  may  yield  a  similar  wealth. 

Citation  of  catalogue  numbers  follows  the  plan  of  Scudder,  in 
joining  by  "and"  those  referring  to  the  two  halves  of  a  single  speci- 
men with  its  counterpart.  The  drawings  are  made  with  the  camera 
lucida  and  will  show  the  outlines,  though  not  the  sculpture,  the  latter 
being  carefully  described  in  the  specific  diagnoses. 


EUCNEMINAE. 
EUCNEMIS  ANTIQUATUS  Wickham. 

Described  and  figured  in  Bull.  M.  C.  Z.,  1914,  58,  p.  437,  pi.  2, 
fig.  9.  No  other  specimens  havejbeen  met  with. 

DELTOMETOPUS  FOSSILIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  1,  fig.  1,  2. 

Form  fairly  stout.  Head  rounded  in  front,  surface  finely,  not  very 
deeply  and  moderately  closely  punctate,  bearing  a  scant  covering  of 
dark  hairs.  Antennae  practically  complete  on  one  side,  in  life  evi- 
dently reaching  the  prothoracic  hind  angles,  first  joint  large,  second 
short,  third  not  in  good  condition  but  apparently  rather  long,  fourth 
and  following  subequal,  weakly  serrate.  Prothorax  only  a  little 
broader  than  long,  (as  preserved),  the  sides  nearly  straight  and, 
judging  from  the  margins,  about  perfect,  only  a  little  sinuate  in  front 
of  the  base,  hind  angles  (only  one  of  which  remains),  scarcely  diver- 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  499 

gent  and  but  shortly  if  at  all  carinate,  entire  thoracic  surface  hairy 
like  the  head,  minutely  and  sparsely  punctured.  Elytra  not  tapering 
until  well  behind  the  middle,  striae  very  fine,  their  punctures  sepa- 
rated in  general  by  considerably  more  than  their  own  long  diameters, 
interspaces  broad,  flat,  finely,  sparsely  punctured,  each  puncture 
bearing  a  hair.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  5.90  mm.; 
of  elytron,  3.75  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type. —  In  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado.  It  was  col- 
lected at  Station  14,  Florissant,  Colo.,  by  S.  A.  Rohwer. 

The  generic  reference  is  made  with  a  good  deal  of  doubt,  but  the 
form,  sculpture,  and  vestiture  point,  in  general,  to  the  Eucneminae 
and  the  antennae  and  size  are  not  unlike  Deltometopus. 


FORNAX   RELICTUS,    Sp.    nOV. 

Plate  1,  fig.  3. 

Outline  rather  fusiform.  Head  of  moderate  size.  Antennae  not  pre- 
served except  the  basal,  portion  of  one  which  is  in  too  poor  condition  to 
be  described.  Prothorax  beneath  with  wide  marginal  groove,  proster- 
num  not  very  well  shown  in  front,  but  the  lobe  was  evidently  short, 
sutures  grooved  and  quite  broad,  probably  nearly  straight  although 
one  of  them  is  thrown  out  of  line  by  pressure,  spine  not  long,  pointed, 
its  margin  with  a  fine  but  distinct  bead.  The  hind  angle,  shown  on 
one  side  only,  is  well  developed,  not  strongly  divergent,  front  angles 
not  completely  preserved,  sides,  as  far  as  shown,  evidently  convergent 
anteriorly  and  slightly  arcuate.  Punctuation  of  the  entire  under- 
side obscure,  apparently  minute,  with  marks  of  a  covering  of  fine  hairs. 
Elytra  with  striato-punctate  sculpture  showing  through.  Length,  from 
front  of  head  to  abdominal  apex,  exclusive  of  sex  organ,  6.85  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type. —  In  the  collection  of  H.  F.  Wickham.  Wilson  Ranch, 
Florissant,  Colo. 

In  form  and  size,  this  beetle  is  not  unlike  the  fossil  Microrhagus 
vulcanicus,  described  herein,  but  has  stronger  elytral  sculpture. 
The  wide  marginal  prothoracic  grooves  and  the  type  of  the  prosternal 
sutures  are  much  like  those  of  the  recent  Fornax  hornii  of  our  eastern 
states,  which  is  said  to  be  the  female  of  F.  calceatus.  In  general,  the 
form  and  size  are  also  similar  to  that  species. 


500  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

MlCRORHAGUS  VULCANICUS,  Sp.  HOV. 
Plate  1,  fig.  5. 

Form  moderately  stout.  Head  finely  but  closely  and  rather  deeply 
punctured.  Antennae  not  well  preserved,  about  eight  joints  remaining 
which  are  scarcely  serrate  and  indicate  that  if  entire  the  antennal  apex 
would  pass  well  beyond  the  prothoracic  hind  angles.  Prothorax 
finely,  sparsely  punctate  and  strongly  hairy,  apex  much  narrowed, 
sides  rather  pronouncedly  arcuate,  hind  angles  divergent.  Scutel- 
lum  injured  so  that  the  exact  shape  is  not  definable.  Elytra  a  little 
arcuate  at  sides  and  conjointly  rounded  at  apex,  hairy,  slightly  striate 
near  the  base,  the  remainder  of  the  surface  finely  punctulate.  Length, 
from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  7.40  mm.;  of  elytron,  4.85  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  —  No.  2,775  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  13,034  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

This  insect  has  a  type  of  sculpture  and  vestiture  common  in  the 
Eucneminae,  and  if  assigned  to  that  subfamily  would  go  in  Micro- 
rhagus  by  the  form  of  the  coxal  plates  and  the  apparent  structure  of 
the  basal  antennal  joints.  Compared  with  the  recent  M .  triangularis, 
the  present  species  has  finer  sculpture  throughout  and  is  of  larger  size. 

MlCRORHAGUS   MIOCENICUS,    Sp.    nOV. 

Plate  1,  fig.  4. 

Form  fairly  stout.  Head  quite  large,  strongly  transverse,  anterior 
margin  arcuate,  surface  obscurely  but  closely  and  rather  coarsely 
punctured  on  the  front,  less  strongly  on  the  vertex,  which  becomes 
nearly  smooth  posteriorly.  Antennae  poorly  preserved,  not  strongly 
serrate,  reaching  to  or  behind  the  prothoracic  hind  angles.  Pro- 
thorax  about  one  fourth  broader  than  long,  apex  narrower  than  the 
base,  front  angles  not  well  marked,  sides  regularly  and  moderately 
arcuate,  base  nearly  truncate,  hind  angles,  (only  one  of  which  is 
preserved),  acute,  slightly  divergent  and  distinctly  carinate.  The 
surface  is  finely,  very  obscurely  and  not  closely  punctate,  with  a  thin 
clothing  of  moderately  long  dark  hairs.  Elytra  broad  at  humeri, 
sinuately  tapering  behind  them,  hardly  striate  and  with  faint  rows  of 
punctures,  the  vestiture  like  that  of  the  prothoracic  disk.  Underside 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  or  FLORISSANT.  501 

not  shown.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  5.60  mm.; 
of  elytron,  3.60  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type. —  In  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado.  It  was  col- 
lected by  Mrs.  W.  P.  Cockerell  at  Station  14,  Florissant,  Colo. 

In  general,  this  beetle  is  a  good  deal  like  the  preceding,  but  is  smaller 
and  has  very  differently  shaped  elytra. 


ELATERINAE. 

LACON  EXHUMATUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  1,  fig.  6,  7. 

Form  stout.  As  the  specimen  shows  the  underside  only,  no  details 
of  the  sculpture  of  the  upper  surface  can  be  given.  Antennae  with 
only  the  middle  portion  well  preserved,  joints  stout,  moderately 
serrate.  Prothorax  beneath  punctured  on  the  flanks  but  not  very 
closely  nor  strongly,  prosternum  somewhat  smoother,  lobe  short, 
blunt,  sutures  curved,  excavate,  more  deeply  in  front.  Elytra,  as 
shown  from  below,  merely  indicating  that  they  were  marked  with 
rows  of  coarse  punctures.  Abdominal  punctuation  obscure.  Length, 
from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  7.75  mm.;  of  elytron,  about  5.00 
mm.,  the  base  being  too  obscure  to  locate  exactly. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,776  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  4,456  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.)? 

This  insect  has  the  look  of  Lacon  and  agrees  in  the  structure  of  the 
underside  of  the  prothorax,  the  short  antennae  and  the  elytral  sculp- 
ture. It  is  smaller  than  the  average  recent  L.  rectangular  is,  wide- 
spread in  North  America,  but  is  just  the  same  size  as  some  southern 
specimens  in  my  collection, 
i 

CARDIOPHORUS  LITHOGRAPHUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  2,  fig.  1-3. 

Form  moderately  stout.  Head  not  well  preserved,  very  minutely 
punctulate.  Prothorax  nearly  equal  in  length  and  breadth,  apex 
narrower  than  base,  sides  rather  faintly  arcuate,  hind  angles  acute 


502  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

and  only  a  little  divergent.  Surface  polished,  with  sparse,  fine 
punctuation  and  signs  of  delicate  pubescence.  Scutellum  cordiform, 
impunctate.  Elytra  finely,  regularly  striate,  the  strial  punctures 
deep  but  not  coarse,  rounded  or  very  slightly  oblong,  ordinarily 
separated  in  each  stria  by  about  their  own  diameters  or  sometimes  a 
little  less.  Interstitial  spaces  flat,  extremely  minutely  punctulate 
and  with  fine  pubescence.  Underside  almost  perfectly  smooth. 
Length,  8.25  mm.;  of  elytron,  5.25  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type. —  In  the  collection  of  H.  F.  Wickham.  Wilson  Ranch, 
Florissant,  Colo.  With  it  are  associated  four  others  in  my  collection; 
two  in  the  collection  of  the  U.  S.  National  Museum;  one  in  the  Mu- 
seum of  the  University  of  Colorado,  found  by  Professor  Cockerell's 
party  at  Station  14;  and  No.  2,777-2,784  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  4,746,  6,007, 
7,650,  8,731,  11,174,  11,782,  12,423,  14,329,  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

The  generic  reference  is  based  on  the  form  of  the  metacoxal  plates, 
the  truncate  prosternal  spine,  the  cordiform  scutellum  and  the  carini- 
form  mark  on  the  underside  of  the  prothoracic  flanks.  The  sculpture 
is  entirely  that  of  Cardiophorus  and  the  present  species  is  not  unlike 
the  common  recent  North  American  C.  convexus  in  most  of  its  char- 
acters. 

CARDIOPHORUS  FLORISSANTENSIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  2,  fig.  4,  5. 

Form  stout.  Head  minutely,  closely  punctulate  and  pubescent. 
Antenna  not  complete,  but  in  life  evidently  not  quite  reaching  the 
prothoracic  basal  angles,  the  articulations  too  obscure  to  allow  of 
comparisons  of  their  lengths.  Prothorax  one  fifth  broader  than,  long, 
narrower  apically,  sides  regularly  arcuate  to  near  the  hind  angles 
which  are  acute  and  somewhat  divergent,  base  sinuate  each  side, 
rather  prominent  at  middle,  surface  very  minutely  punctulate  and 
finely,  not  closely,  pubescent.  Scutellum  cordiform.  Elytra  finely 
striate,  the  striae  with  rounded  or  slightly  elongate  punctures  which 
are  separated  usually  by  less  than  their  own  diameters,  interstitial 
spaces  broad,  flat,  not  visibly  punctured,  pubescent.  Underside 
nearly  smooth.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  10.70  mm.; 
of  elytron,  6.60  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type.— In  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado,  collected 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  503 

by  G.  N.  Rohwer  at  Station  13,  Florissant,  Colo.;  with  itNare 
associated  a  specimen,  with  counterpart,  found  by  S.  A.  Rohwer  and 
one  found  by  Mrs.  W.  P.  Cockerell  at  the  same  place;  five  examples 
in  the  collection  of  the  U.  S.  National  Museum;  and  No.  2,771-2,774 
M.  C.  Z.  (No.  84,  2,094,  12,421,  12,425  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

Larger  than  C.  lithographus  (p.  501),  but  otherwise  similar.  I  do 
not  think  there  is  any  doubt  of  the  specific  distinctness  of  the  two. 
The  coxal  plates,  as  shown,  look  quite  different  but  I  am  afraid  to 
depend  entirely  upon  these  as  the  edges  may  become  broken  and 
change  the  apparent  form. 


CARDIOPHORUS  COCKERELLI,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  2,  fig.  6. 

Form  stout.  Head  minutely,  obscurely  punctured,  antennae 
wanting.  Prothorax  nearly  one  and  one  third  times  as  broad  as  long, 
not  much  narrowed  anteriorly,  sides  strongly  rounded,  hind  angles 
short  but  prominent,  carinate,  basal  sinuations  pronounced,  surface 
rather  densely  and  more  strongly  and  coarsely  punctured  than  the 
head.  Scutellum  apparently  imperfect,  pointed  behind.  Elytra 
short,  broad,  somewhat  obtusely  conjointly  rounded  apically,  surface 
striate,  the  striae  moderately  deep,  their  punctures  strong,  rounded 
or  a  little  elongate,  close-set,  separated  ordinarily  by  less  than  their 
own  diameters,  interspaces  broad,  flat,  roughened  somewhat  but  not 
distinctly  punctured.  The  entire  upper  surface  of  the  prothorax  and 
elytra  shows  signs  of  rather  fine  pubescence.  Length,  from  front  of 
head  to  elytral  apex,  6.20  mm. ;  of  elytron,  3.85  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  —  No.  2,765  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  1,916  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.).  With  it  are  associated  No.  2,766-2,767  M.  C.  Z.  (No. 
6,379,  10,639  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.);  and  three  specimens,  two  with 
counterparts,  in  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado,  all  from 
Station  14,  bearing  the  numbers  151,  178  and  179,  209  and  258. 
No.  2,768-2,770  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  7,476,  9,160,  12,041  S.  H.  Scudder 
Coll.)  probably  belong  here. 

The  underside  is  not  shown  in  the  type,  but  the  specimen  No.  2,767 
M.  C.  Z.  (No.  10,639  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.),  displays  it  well,  exhibiting 
moderately  curved  prosternal  sutures,  truncate  spine  and  nearly 
smooth  surface.  This  beetle  is  similar  to  the  recent  North  American 


504  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

C.  cardisce,  but  seems  to  be  a  little  more  coarsely  punctured  on  the 
prothorax.  It  is  smaller  than  the  Florissant  species  C.  lithograpkus 
and  C.  florissantensls,  and  much  less  coarsely  punctured  than  the 
fossil  Horistonotus  coloradensis  from  the  same  shales. 


CARDIOPHORUS  REQUIESCENS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  2,  fig.  7,  8. 

Form  fairly  elongate.  Head  minutely  and  closely  punctulate. 
Antennae  wanting.  Prothorax  too  badly  damaged  for  description  of 
the  form,  punctuation  sparse  and  fine.  Scutellum  cordiform.  Elytral 
striae  extremely  fine,  the  punctures  shallow,  somewhat  elongate  and,  in 
general,  separated  by  several  times  their  own  diameters.  Underside 
nearly  smooth,  the  visible  punctures  being  sparse  and  small.  Length, 
from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  6.65  mm.;  of  elytron,  4.15  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type. —  In  the  collection  of  H.  F.  Wickham.  Wilson  Ranch, 
Florissant,  Colo. 

This  seems  to  separate  easily  from  the  other  Florissant  fossil 
Cardiophori  by  the  finer  sculpture  and  especially  in  the  distant  strial 
punctures.  The  generic  reference  is  plainly  indicated  by  the  form 
of  the  prosternal  spine  and  of  the  scutellum. 

CARDIOPHORUS  (?)  DEPRIVATUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  2,  fig.  9,  10. 

Form  stout.  Head  not  visibly  punctured.  Antennae  apparently 
with  the  second  joint  hardly  shortened,  the  third  a  trifle  shorter  than 
the  fourth,  the  following,  up  to  and  including  the  tenth,  subequal  and 
only  faintly  serrate.  Prothorax  scarcely  at  all  punctulate,  about 
one  third  wider  than  long,  sides  regularly  and  not  strongly  arcuate, 
the  angles  not  prominent.  Scutellum  a  little  elongate,  pointed  at 
tip  but  not  strictly  cordiform.  Elytra  hardly  three  and  one  third 
times  as  long  as  wide,  rather  strongly  tapering,  apices  conjointly 
rounding,  surface  without  sculpture.  Underside  practically  smooth 
throughout,  prosternal  sutures  curved,  convex  inwards,  metacoxal 
plates  suddenly  narrowed  externally.  Length,  from  front  of  head 
to  elytral  apex,  5.15  mm.;  of  one  elytron,  3.50  mm. 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  50& 

Described  from  one  specimen  with  its  counterpart. 

Type. —  In  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado.  It  was  col- 
lected at  Station  13,  Florissant,  Colo.,  by  Professor  Cockerell's 
expedition  of  1906.  The  obverse  bears  his  number  99,  the  reverse, 
127. 

Unfortunately  the  prosternal  spine  is  damaged  so  that  its  form  is 
not  shown  and  while  the  beetle  is  perhaps  not  a  true  Cardiophorus, 
because  of  the  form  of  the  scutellum,  it  seems  best  to  place  it  pro- 
visionally in  that  genus  on  account  of  its  general  similarity  to  some 
of  the  recent  species  with  faint  sculpture. 


HORISTONOTUS  COLORADENSIS,    Sp.    HOV. 

Plate  2,  fig.  11,  12. 

Form  fairly  stout.  As  the  specimen  shows  from  the  underside,  the 
sculpture  of  the  head  is  not  visible.  Prothorax,  beneath,  with  the 
flanks  and  prosternum  distinctly  but  rather  finely  and  only  moder- 
ately closely  punctate,  the  punctures  ordinarily  separated  by  their 
own  diameters  or  a  little  less,  not  very  regularly  spaced.  Meta- 
sternum  a  little  more  finely  punctured.  Abdomen  punctured  in 
general,  like  the  prothorax,  the  proximal  segments  somewhat  more 
finely  and  sparsely  than  the  distal,  the  terminal  one  with  the  punc- 
tures crowded  laterally.  Scutellum  not  visible.  Elytra  displayed 
in  reverse,  the  punctuation  showing  through.  It  is  arranged  in 
striae,  the  punctures  coarse,  rounded,  deep,  mostly  separated  by  less 
than  their  own  diameters,  those  near  the  elytral  apices  nearly  touching. 
Length,  6.60  mm.;  of  elytron,  4.10  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type. —  In  the  collection  of  H.  F.  Wickham.  Florissant,  Colo. 
Possibly  No.  2,763-2,764  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  815,  6,384  S.  H.  Scudder 
Coll.)  may  also  belong  here. 

In  this  case,  the  generic  reference  is  not  made  with  much  confidence. 
However,  the  size,  the  truncate  prosternal  spine  and  the  form  of  the 
coxal  plates  point  to  the  Cardiophori.  The  punctuation  of  the 
underside  is  coarser  than  usual  in  Cardiophorus  but  is  quite  similar  in 
disposition  to  that  of  the  recent  Horistonotus  simplex  from  the  south- 
western United  States. 


506  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

CRYPTOHYPNUS  EXTERMINATUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  1,  fig.  8,  9. 

Form  short,  broad,  and  stout.  Surface  hardly  visibly  punctate 
anywhere,  but  this  may  possibly  be  due  to  the  rather  coarse  texture 
of  the  stone  in  which  the  specimen  is  preserved.  Head  rather  large. 
Antennae  with  the  first  joint  long  and  thick,  the  second  and  third 
scarcely  shorter  than  those  succeeding,  none  of  which  are  much  pro- 
duced at  the  angles  so  that  the  organ  is  only  weakly  serrate.  Pro- 
thorax  a  little  distorted,  a  trifle  more  than  one  third  wider  than  long, 
apex  feebly  emarginate,  front  angles  pointed  but  obtuse,  width  great- 
est in  front  of  the  middle,  sides  moderately  strongly  arcuate  to  a 
point  near  the  acute  hind  angles,  slightly  divergent  and  carinate,  base 
sinuate  each  side.  Scutellum  suborbicular.  Elytra  a  little  more 
than  twice  the  length  of  the  prothoracic  median  line,  pointed  at  apex. 
Length,  4.55  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,762  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  11,280  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  form  and  antennal  structure  are  those  of  Cryptohypnus.  In 
size,  it  approximates  the  recent  C.  nocturnus  of  Canada  and  our 
northern  states,  but  the  sculpture,  if  properly  shown  on  the  stone,  is 
more  like  that  of  the  much  smaller  C.  pectoralis.  This  last  species, 
in  its  varieties,  has  a  wide  distribution  in  North  America  today. 

CRYPTOHYPNUS  HESPERUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  3,  fig.  1. 

Form  fairly  slender  for  this  genus.  Sculpture  of  head  not  definable. 
Antennae  not  well  shown,  but  one  side  is  well  enough  preserved  to 
indicate  that  they  reached  at  any  rate  to  the  hind  angles  of  the  pro- 
thorax.  Prothoracic  width  about  one  fourth  greater  than  the  length, 
surface  sculpture  obscurely  preserved,  base  not  much  broader  than 
the  apex,  sides  rather  strongly  rounding,  hind  angles  short,  not  diver- 
gent, base  deeply  sinuate  each  side.  Scutellum  rounded  or  oblong. 
Elytra  tapering,  arcuate  at  sides,  apices  conjointly  rounded,  sculp- 
ture not  well  defined,  showing  only  traces  of  faint  striae.  Length, 
from  front  of  head  to  abdominal  apex,  4.30  mm.;  of  elytron,  2.60  mm. 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  507 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,761  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  5,294  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

This  has  the  size  and  general  appearance  of  Cryptohypnus  and,  as 
far  as  shown,  the  sculpture  seems  to  be  like  that  of  the  recent  C.  pec- 
toralis.  In  form,  the  present  insect  differs  widely  from  the  Florissant 
fossil  C.  exterminatus. 


ANCHASTUS  ERUPTUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  3,  fig.  2,  3. 

Form  moderately  stout.  Sculpture  of  head  not  definable.  Anten- 
nae long,  that  on  the  right  side,  (as  preserved),  showing  nine  joints, 
the  terminal  one  of  which,  in  life,  would  have  reached  well  behind  the 
prothoracic  basal  angles,  so  it  is  likely  that  if  complete  the  antennae 
would  have  extended  nearly  to  the  elytral  middle.  The  first  joint  is 
large,  the  second  small,  third  much  larger  than  the  second  but  a  little 
shorter  than  the  fourth,  fifth  not  in  good  condition,  sixth  and  fol- 
lowing longer  than  the  fourth,  serrations,  in  general,  well  pronounced. 
Prothorax  with  strongly  curved  prosternal  sutures,  lobe  short,  spine 
stout  and  short,  punctuation  of  flanks  and  sternum  minute  and  incon- 
spicuous. Elytra  conjointly  rounded  apically,  sculpture  not  showing 
through.  Abdominal  sculpture  very  fine.  Length,  from  front  of 
head  to  elytral  apex,  4.80  mm. ;  of  elytron,  about  3.00  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,760  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  11,281  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  coxal  plates  do  not  show  up  well,  but  seem  to  be  very  narrow 
externally  and  broad  internally,  as  in  Anchastus.  This  genus  has 
similar  antennal  and  prosternal  characters,  also. 

ANCHASTUS  DILUVIALIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  3,  fig.  4. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Head  not  visibly  punctured  beneath. 
Antennae  poorly  defined.  Prothorax  closely,  distinctly,  and  regularly 
but  finely  punctate  on  the  flanks  and  sternum,  the  grooves  strongly 
double,  curved.  The  prothoracic  outline  is  obscured  to  some  extent 


508  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

by  flattening,  but  as  preserved  the  apex  is  very  nearly  as  wide  as  the 
base,  the  sides  little  curved,  none  of  the  angles  plainly  shown.  Elytra 
long,  tapering,  coarsely  punctatostriate,  the  punctures  separated  by 
about  their  own  diameters,  interstitial  areas  not  wide  nor  visibly 
punctured.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  5.50  mm.; 
of  elytron,  about  3.60  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  —  No.  2,759  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  11,277  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  generic  reference  is  not  certain,  being  based  upon  the  sternal 
grooves,  the  size,  sculpture,  and  general  form.  This  species  easily 
separates  from  the  preceding  by  being  much  more  coarsely  sculptured. 
Both  are  represented  by  undersides  only. 


MONOCREPIDIUS  DUBIOSUS,   Sp.    nOV. 

Plate  4,  fig.  1. 

Form  only  moderately  elongate.  Head  finely,  sparsely,  and  in- 
distinctly punctate.'  Prothorax  about  one  fourth  broader  than  long, 
base  and  apex  subequal,  none  of  the  angles  very  prominent,  side 
margin  nearly  regularly  but  not  strongly  arcuate,  base  broadly 
emarginate  in  front  of  the  scutellum,  sinuate  each  side,  surface  not 
well  preserved  but  showing  a  few  fine  punctures.  Scutellum  sub- 
quadrate.  Elytra  nearly  three  times  the  length  of  the  prothoracic 
median  line,  conjointly  rounded  at  apex,  surface  finely  and  not  deeply 
striate,  the  striae  with  small,  slightly  elongate  punctures,  separated 
in  each  row  by  approximately  their  own  diameters,  interstitial  spaces 
flat  and  not  visibly  punctured.  Underside  finely  and  feebly  punctu- 
late  or  nearly  smooth.  Length.  4.50  mm. ;  of  elytron,  2.65  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type. —  In  the  collection  of  H.  F.  Wickham.  Wilson  Ranch, 
Florissant,  Colo. 

This  specimen  is  not  especially  well  preserved  nor  does  it  offer  any 
striking  characters.  The  underside  shows  the  prosternal  sutures  to 
be  double,  nearly  straight,  somewhat  excavated  anteriorly,  the  pro- 
sternum  rather  narrow,  the  spine  acuminate  at  tip.  The  hind  coxal 
plates  are  not  well  defined,  but  I  think  they  are  suddenly  dilated 
internally.  Both  legs  and  antennae  are  too  poor  for  description. 
No  more  suitable  generic  position  can  be  suggested  at  present,  though 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  509 

all  of  the  species  of  Monocrepidius  that  I  know  are  more  strongly 
striate  and  somewhat  differently  proportioned. 


ELATER  ROHWERI,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  3,  fig.  5,  6. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Head  rather  short,  distinctly  but 
finely  punctured,  somewhat  sparsely  on  the  sides  and  still  more  finely 
and  sparsely  on  the  vertex,  minutely  hairy.  Antennae  quite  slender, 
scarcely  at  all  serrate,  not  reaching  the  tips  of  the  prothoracic  hind 
angles,  basal  joint  large,  second  and  third  not  well  defined,  the  re- 
mainder subequal,  all  finely  hairy.  Prothorax  strongly  narrowed 
anteriorly,  front  margin  arcuately  emarginate,  anterior  angles  not 
very  prominent,  sides  moderately  arcuate,  hind  angles  long,  sharp, 
a  little  divergent  with  distinct  discal  carina  and  possibly  with  an 
external  marginal  one  as  well.  The  base  is  a  little  emarginate  in 
front  of  the  scutellum.  Thoracic  disk  with  a  well-impressed,  smooth 
median  line  on  basal  one  fifth,  the  middle  area  finely  and  sparsely, 
sides  more  strongly  and  closely  punctate,  entire  surface  hairy.  Scutel- 
lum oblong,  punctured  and  hairy.  Elytra  bluntly  pointed,  tapering, 
striae  not  deep,  with  rows  of  slightly  elongate,  rather  fine  punctures 
separated  in  general  by  about  their  own  long  diameters,  interstitial 
spaces  broad,  flat,  hairy,  but  not  punctured  excepting  the  small 
depressions  from  which  the  hairs  arise.  Legs  of  moderate  length, 
finely  hairy.  Underside  of  body  with  most  of  the  details  not  well 
defined,  but  the  prothoracic  side-pieces  are  fairly  strongly  though  not 
densely  nor  coarsely  punctured,  the  prosternum  more  finely.  The 
spine  is  pointed,  the  lobe  broken  at  tip  but  apparently  not  long,  the 
sutures  double,  excavated,  the  metacoxal  plates  broad  internally, 
the  abdomen  finely  hairy,  scarcely  punctulate.  Length,  from  front 
of  head  to  elytral  apex,  7.60  mm.;  of  elytron,  5.00  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type. —  In  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado.  Florissant, 
Colo.,  collected  at  Station  14  by  Professor  Cockerell  and  bearing 
his  numbers  192  and  211. 

The  general  features  of  this  beetle  point  to  Elater  as  a  fairly  exact 
reference.  It  is  most  like  some  of  the  less  strongly  sculptured  modern 
North  American  species,  such  as  E.  sanguinipennis  or  E.  behrensi, 
but  is  rather  smaller.  Compared  with  the  fossil  E.  scudderi,  the 


510  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

present  species  may  easily  be  distinguished  by  the  distinctly  striato- 
punctate  elytra,  while  E.-florissantensis,  from  these  shales,  is  larger 
and  has  a  differently  formed  prothorax. 

The  specific  name  is  given  for  Mr.  S.  A.  Rohwer,  a  member  of  Profes- 
sor Cockerell's  expeditions  and  now  of  the  U.  S.  National  Museum 
staff. 

ELATER  FLORISSANTENSIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  3,  fig.  9. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Head  large,  closely  and  rather  strongly 
but  finely  punctured.  Antennae  poorly  defined.  Prothorax  about 
one  seventh  broader  than  long,  wider  near  the  apex  than  at  base, 
finely,  deeply,  and  closely  punctured,  sides  regularly  and  somewhat 
faintly  arcuate  anteriorly,  nearly  straight  posteriorly,  front  angles 
obtuse,  hind  angles  long,  a  little  divergent  and  apparently  bicarinate. 
Scutellum  oval.  Elytra  rather  strongly  tapering,  apices  conjointly 
a  little  rounded,  surface  clothed  with  rather  long  but  not  close  hairs 
of  a  darker  color,  striae  fairly  coarse,  their  punctures  of  moderate  size, 
usually  a  little  elongate  and  separated  by  less  than  their  own  long 
diameters,  interstitial  spaces  flat,  scarcely  visibly  punctulate.  Length, 
from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  8.25  mm.;  of  elytron,  5.40  mm.; 
of  prothorax,  along  median  line,  2.00  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,752  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  8,034  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.).  With  it  are  associated  No.  2,753-2,758  M.  C.  Z. 
(No.  79  and  103,  6,869,  8,891,  9,200  and  11,732  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

The  generic  reference  is  only  fairly  exact.  In  thoracic  outline  the 
fossil  more  nearly  resembles  our  recent  E.  areolatus  than  any  other 
North  American  species  known  to  me.  The  sculpture  and  vestiture 
of  the  elytra  is  something  of  the  type  seen  in  the  living  E.  cordatus 
from  our  Pacific  coast.  Unfortunately  the  outlines  of  the  metacoxal 
plates  cannot  be  distinguished. 

ELATER  SCUDDERI,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  3,  fig.  7,  8. 

Form  rather  elongate.  Head  quite  closely  and  coarsely  punctured. 
Antennae  incomplete,  but  when  entire  probably  not  reaching  the 
prothoracic  hind  angles.  Prothorax  very  little  wider  than  long, 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  511 

sides,  (judging  by  the  better  preserved  one),  gently  and  regularly 
rounding,  base  and  apex  subequal  or  the  latter  a  little  narrower,  front 
angles  obtuse,  not  at  all  prominent,  hind  angles  moderately  acute,  a 
little  divergent  and  distinctly  carinate.  Thoracic  punctuation  rather 
shallow  and  obscure,  close  and  only  fairly  fine,  surface  strongly  hairy. 
Scutellum  pointed  at  apex.  Elytra  moderately  tapering  to  apex,  not 
striate  and  very  obscurely  punctate  but  hairy  like  the  thorax.  Length, 
from  front  of  head  to  elytral  tip,  7.10  mm. ;  of  elytron,  4.75  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,751  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  12,485  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.)'. 

Looks  a  good  deal  like  E.  florissantensis  but  is  smaller  and  has  non- 
striate  elytra.  Probably  it  does  not  belong  to  Elater  in  the  modern 

sense. 

\ 

MEGAPENTHES  PRIMAEVUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  4,  fig.  2. 

Form  rather  elongate.  Head  finely  but  extremely  densely  and 
quite  deeply  punctured,  somewhat  less  strongly  upon  the  vertex 
than  upon  the  front.  Antennae  reaching  well  beyond  the  base  of 
the  prothorax,  heavier  than  in  most  of  the  fossil  Elateridae  but  not 
very  strongly  serrate,  only  the  middle  joints  well  defined.  Prothorax 
narrower  at  apex  than  at  base,  approximately  equal  in  length  and 
breadth,  surface  finely  and  closely  punctured  though  not  quite  so 
strongly  as  the  head,  sides  but  little  arcuate,  front  angles  short, 
hind  ones  not  very  long,  a  little  divergent  and  distinctly  carinate. 
Scutellum  oblong.  Elytra  conjointly  rounded  apically,  finely  striate, 
strial  punctures  rounded,  mostly  separated  by  about  their  own  diam- 
eters or  a  little  more,  interspaces  flat,  wide,  finely  and  not  very  closely 
punctate,  the  punctures  distinctly  smaller  than  those  of  the  striae. 
Underside  not  shown.  Length,  8.90  mm.;  of  elytron,  5.60  mm.; 
of  prothorax,  2.35  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  — No.  2,750  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  10,859  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.).  With  it  are  associated  two  others,  in  the  Museum  of 
the  University  of  Colorado,  one  with  counterpart  (No.  226  and  249). 
The  only  one  with  definite  record  is  from  Station  13B,  collected 
by  S.  A.  Rohwer. 

As  seen  under  magnification,  the  general  effect  is  much  like  that  of 


512  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY, 

the  recent  M.  aterrimus  of  the  Pacific  states.  I  am  not  surer  of  the 
antennal  structure,  but  it  looks  as  if  the  second  and  third  joints  are 
very  short  and  what  can  dimly  be  seen  of  the  hind  coxal  plate  on  one 
side  has  the  appearance  of  being  broad  internally  and  much  nanrowed 
to  the  outer  edge.  Of  course  the  generic  reference  is  subject  to 
correction  in  the  event  of  more  material  coming  to  hand. 

CRYPTAGRIOTES,  gen.  nov. 

Body  form  almost  like  that  of  Cryptohypnus.  Coxal  plates  nearly 
linear,  scarcely  narrowed  externally,  obtusely  lobed  over  the  thighs. 
Prosternum  short  with  a  small,  subtruncate  lobe,  sutures  nearly 
straight,  apparently  excavate  anteriorly. 

Type. —  C.  minusculus,  sp.  nov. 


CRYPTAGRIOTES  MINUSCULUS,  sp.  nor. 
Plate  4,  fig.  3. 

Form  moderately  stout.  Head  large.  Antennae  not  well  pre- 
served, slender,  reaching  beyond  the  prothoracic  hind  angles.  Pro- 
thorax  probably  somewhat  distorted,  but,  as  preserved,  wider  in 
front  of  the  middle  where  the  width  is  a  little  greater  than  the  length. 
Sides  very  gently  arcuate,  angles  not  well  shown.  Prosternal  sutures 
nearly  straight,  lobe  rather  short,  entire  under  surface  of  the  prothorax 
finely  punctulate  and  pubescent.  Elytra  two  and  one  fourth  times 
the  prothoracic  length,  conjointly  rounded  apically,  the  sides  some- 
what arcuate,  sculpture  not  showing  through.  Abdomen  very  finely 
punctulate  and  pubescent.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral 
apex,  4.00  mm.;  of  elytron,  about  2.30  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  —  No.  2,749  M.  C,  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  8,653  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Judging  from  the  form  of  the  coxal  plates,  this  little  beetle  should 
go  into  the  Corymbitini,  possibly  near  Agriotes,  but  it  does  not  agree 
with  any  genus  known  to  me. 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  513 

AGRIOTES  NEARCTICUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  4,  fig.  6. 

Form  elongate.  Head  minutely  but  very  closely  and  distinctly 
punctured.  Antennae  poorly  preserved,  but  what  remains  of  one 
of  them  indicates  that  they  were  short  and  slender,  scarcely  serrate. 
Prothorax  broken  along  the  side  margins,  obscuring  the  shape,  punc- 
tuation almost  exactly  like  that  of  the  head,  the  punctures  finely 
mamillate,  nearly  touching,  even  on  the  middle  of  the  disk.  Elytra 
relatively  rather  elongate  as  compared  with  their  width,  striae  appar- 
ently very  shallow  but  their  rows  of  punctures  are  fairly  deep  and 
strong,  each  puncture  somewhat  elongate,  those  in  each  series  sepa- 
rated by  a  little  more  or  less  than  their  own  long  diameters.  Inter- 
stitial spaces  scarcely  perceptibly  punctulate,  but  with  marks  of  a 
fine,  moderately  short  pubescence.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to 
elytral  apex,  8.00  mm. ;  of  elytron,  5.50  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  — No.  2,748  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  6,653  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

While  resembling  the  Florissant  fossils,  Limonius  florissantensis  and 
L.  praecursor,  this  insect  is  more  elongate  and  more  delicately  punc- 
tured than  the  former  and  differs  from  the  second  in  the  closer  punctu- 
ation of  the  head  and  prothorax  as  well  as  the  almost  complete  lack  of 
it  in  the  elytral  interspaces.  The  coxal  plates  are  not  very  clearly 
shown,  but  I  think  they  are  correctly  exhibited  in  the  drawing.  The 
front  seems  to  be  higher  than  the  labrum,  as  indicated  by  the  distinct 
line  of  demarcation  in  the  fossil,  and  the  slender  antennae  are  like 
those  of  Agriotes. 

AGRIOTES  COMMINUTUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  4,  fig.  4,  5. 

Form  rather  elongate.  Head  coarsely,  closely  but  not  very  deeply 
punctured.  Eyes  and  antennae  not  defined.  Prothorax  with  the 
margins  badly  broken,  so  that  the  exact  shape  is  not  discernible,  but 
it  was  evidently  only  a  little  wider  than  long,  with  a  large  discal 
dark  spot,  similar  to  that  of  the  recent  North  American  A.fucosus,  sur- 
face sculpture  obscure,  the  prosternal  sutures,  which  show  through, 


514  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

nearly  straight  and  apparently  excavate  anteriorly.  Elytra  not  less 
than  two  and  one  half  times  the  prothoracic  length,  apices  broken, 
surface  finely  striate,  the  striae  with  distinctly  elongate,  well-im- 
pressed punctures  which  are  separated  in  each  row  by  approximately 
their  own  long  diameters,  interstitial  spaces  flat,  broad,  apparently 
punctate.  Abdominal  dorsal  sculpture,  on  the  portion  exposed  by 
the  spreading  of.  the  elytra,  obscure.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to 
abdominal  apex,  6.70  mm.;  of  portion  of  elytron  as  preserved,  3.60 
mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.— No.  2,747  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  11,800  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

Since  the  general  preservation  of  this  beetle  is  poor,  I  should  not 
have  ventured  to  describe  i$,  had  not  the  coxal  plate  been  well  shown 
on  one  side.  Taken  into  account  with  the  form  of  the  prosternal 
sutures,  the  sculpture  and  the  coloration,  this  seems  to  indicate  a 
probable  affinity  with  Agriotes. 


LlMONIUS   ABORIGINALIS,    Sp.   nOV. 

Plate  6,  fig.  1^. 

Form  stout  for  the  genus.  Head  practically  smooth.  Antennae 
just  about  reaching  the  hind  prothoracic  angles,  moderately  serrate, 
second  and  third  joints  subequal,  their  united  length  about  the  same 
as  that  of  the  fourth  which,  however,  is  broader  and  begins  the  serra- 
tion. Eyes  normal.  Pro  thorax  about  one  fourth  broader  than  long, 
not  visibly  sculptured  above,  apex  scarcely  emarginate,  narrower  than 
the  base,  sides  arcuately  broadening  to  about  the  middle  thence 
slightly  sinuately  narrowing  posteriorly,  hind  angles  well  defined, 
acute  but  not  divergent.  Scutellum  oblong  oval.  Elytra  with  sides 
less  parallel  than  in  most  modern  species  of  Limonius,  apices  con- 
jointly rounded,  surface  rather  finely  but  quite  distinctly  and  regu- 
larly striate,  strial  punctures  becoming  less  distinct  posteriorly, 
rounded  or  slightly  oblong,  separated  by  about  their  own  diameters, 
Interstitial  areas  with  signs  of  fine  pubescence.  Underside  almost 
smooth,  only  a  few  small,  scattering  punctures  being  visible.  Legs  not 
displayed.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  6.65  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type.— In   the   collection   of   H.   F.   Wickham.     Wilson   Ranch, 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  515 

Florissant,  Colo.  With  it  are  associated  No.  2,737-2,738  M.  C.  Z., 
(No.  7,971  and  10,952  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  Most  likely  No.  2,739- 
2,746  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  2,870,  8,345,  8,549,  8,753,  12,766,  8,226,  8,842 
and  11,788  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.),  belong  to  the  same  species.  There 
are  also  three  additional  specimens  in  my  collection. 

While  shorter  and  broader  than  most  recent  species  of  Limonius, 
the  essential  characters,  as  shown  by  the  coxal  plates  (which  are 
narrow  and  but  little  dilated  internally,,  only  moderately  prominent 
over  the  insertion  of  the  thighs),  the  prosternal  sutures,  (double, 
little  curved),  the  short  prosternal  lobe  and  the  blunt  scutellum 
correspond  very  well  with  this  genus.  The  basal  antennal  structure 
is  similar  to  what  we  see  in  the  recent  L.  crotchii  of  the  western  United 
States,  but  the  general  aspect  is  more  that  of  L.  nitidulus  from  the 
same  district. 

LIMONIUS  FLORISSANTENSIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  5-7. 

Form  moderately  elongate.  Head  rather  finely  and  extremely 
closely  and  deeply  but  regularly  punctured.  Antennae  about  reach- 
ing the  prothoracic  base,  faintly  serrate.  Prothorax  approximately 
one  seventh  broader  than  long,  apex  and  base  subequal,  surface  quite 
evenly  punctate,  about  as  coarsely  as  the  head  but  more  sparsely, 
apex  nearly  truncate,  front  angles  obtuse,  sides  regularly  arcuate  to 
about  the  middle,  which  is  the  broadest  part,  thence  narrowing  to 
near  the  base,  hind  angles  acute,  carinate,  but  hardly  divergent. 
Scutellum  oblong  oval.  Elytra  about  two  and  two  thirds  times  the 
length  of  the  prothoracic  median  line,  finely,  sharply  striate,  strial 
punctures  fine,  somewhat  elongate,  separated  by  approximately 
their  own  long  diameters,  interstitial  spaces  flat,  broad,  confusedly 
and  sparsely  punctate,  the  punctures  of  varying  sizes,  the  largest 
distinctly  smaller  than  those  of  the  striae.  Underside  punctured 
throughout,  rather  coarsely  and  closely  on  the  prosternum  and  flanks, 
more  finely  on  the  meso-  and  metasternal  sclerites,  the  abdomen 
finely  punctate  except  on  the  last  segment  and  along  the  sides,  where 
the  sculpture  is  coarser.  Length,  8.40  mm.;  of  elytron,  5.50  mm. 

Described  from  two  specimens,  one  with  counterpart. 

Type. —  In  the  collection  of  H.  F.  Wickham.  Wilson  Ranch, 
Florissant,  Colo.  With  it  are  associated  another  specimen,  with 
counterpart,  in  my  own  collection;  two  from  Station  14  in  the  Mu- 


516  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

seum  of  the  University  of  Colorado;  No.  6,572  of  the  Princeton  col- 
lection; and  No.  2,734  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  11,664  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  It 
is  possible  that  No.  2,735,  2,736  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  8,340,  10,492  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.),  represent  the  same  species. 

Characters  pointing  to  Limonius  are  seen  in  the  coxal  plates,  hind 
tarsi,  prosternal  sutures,  and  antennae.  The  short  prosternal  lobe 
is  more  like  Nothodes.  Compared  with  L.  aboriginal™,  the  present 
species  is  much  more  roughly  sculptured. 


LIMONIUS  PRAECURSOR,  sp.  nov. 
• 

Plate  5,  fig.  8,  9. 

Form  elongate,  slender.  Head  finely  but  very  regularly  and  dis- 
tinctly punctured,  the  punctures  separated  by  their  own  diameters 
or  less.  Antennae  short,  showing  only  a  few  of  the  joints  well  enough 
for  description,  but  these  are  about  one  half  longer  than  wide  and 
weakly  serrate.  Pro  thorax  punctured  similarly  to  the  head  but  a 
little  more  finely,  the  sides  not  in  very  good  condition  but  evidently 
subparallel,  length  and  width  subequal.  Scutellum  obscure.  Elytra 
about  two  and  two  fifths  times  the  pro  thoracic  length,  subparallel, 
finely  but  very  distinctly  striate,  the  striae  with  decidedly  elongate 
punctures  which  are  separated  in  each  row  by  their  own  diameters, 
a  little  more  or  less,  interstitial  spaces  broad  and  flat,  very  minutely 
punctulate.  Underside  of  prothorax  finely  but  clearly  punctured, 
rather  closely  on  the  flanks,  less  so  on  the  prosternum,  sutures  double, 
a  little  curved  in  front,  nearly  straight  behind,  broader  anteriorly, 
lobe  moderate.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  8.50  mm. ; 
of  elytron,  5.75  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type.— No.  2,730  and  2,731  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No. 
9,417  and  10,558  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  With  it  is  doubtfully  asso- 
ciated another  specimen,  also  with  counterpart,  No.  2,732  and  2,733 
M.  C.  Z.  (No.  12,049  and  12,762  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

In  general  form  and  sculpture,  this  approaches  closely  to  L.  floris- 
santensis.  However,  the  present  insect  has  relatively  shorter  elytra, 
with  markedly  finer  and  sparser  cephalic  and  pro  thoracic  punctuation. 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  517 

LIMONIUS  SHOSHONIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  5;  fig.  10. 

Form  fairly  elongate.  Head  finely  and  rather  vaguely  punctate. 
Antennae  lacking.  Prothorax  almost  exactly  equal  in  length  and 
breadth,  surface  finely,  not  deeply,  but  fairly  closely  punctate,  apex 
not  much  narrower  than  the  base,  sides  feebly  arcuate,  front  angles 
nearly  rectangular,  hind  angles  carinate,  sharp,  only  a  little  divergent. 
Scutellum  nearly  triangular.  Elytra  moderately  tapering,  finely 
striate,  strial  punctures  a  little  elongate,  quite  fine,  not  very  deep  and 
separated  from  each  other  in  the  same  row  by  approximately  their 
own  diameters,  interstitial  spaces  flat,  wide,  scarcely  visibly  punctu- 
late,  finely  hairy.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  7.25 
mm.;  of  elytron,  4.35  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type. —  In  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado.  It  was 
collected  by  Professor  Cockerell  at  Station  14,  Florissant,  Colo.,  in 
1906  and  bears  his  number  58. 

The  beetle  is  provisionally  placed  in  Limonius  chiefly  on  account  of 
its  form  and  sculpture.  It  is  smoother  than  the  other  Florissant 
species  referred  to  this  genus. 

LIMONIUS  VOLANS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  5,  fig.  11. 

Form  rather  elongate.  Head  deeply  punctured,  closely  and  rela- 
tively coarsely  on  the  front,  more  finely  and  sparsely  on  the  vertex. 
Antennae  wanting.  Prothorax  a  trifle  broader  than  long,  more 
finely  and  much  more  sparsely  punctured  than  the  head  except  near 
the  side  margins  where  the  sculpture  is  much  coarser  and  closer  than 
on  the  disk.  Base  somewhat  broader  than  the  apex,  sides  very  little 
arcuate,  front  angles  short,  hind  ones  of  moderate  length  and  but 
slightly  divergent.  Elytra  two  and  three  fourths  times  the  prothora- 
cic  length,  conjointly  rounded  at  apex,  finely  striate,  the  strial  punc- 
tures not  very  close  nor  well  defined,  interstitial  spaces  flat,  with 
strong,  fairly  sparse  punctures,  more  pronounced,  though  probably 
not  larger,  than  those  of  the  striae.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to 
elytral  apex,  9.00  mm. ;  of  elytron,  5.60  mm. 


518  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type. —  In  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado.  It  was  col- 
lected at  Station  14,  Florissant,  Colo.,  by  G.  N.  Rohwer,  while  a 
member  of  one  of  Professor  CockerelPs  parties. 

Separates  from  L.  florissantensis,  with  which  it  agrees  in  the  rela- 
tively coarse  interstitial  punctuation,  by  having  a  much  finer  and 
sparser  sculpture  of  the  head  and  particularly  of  the  thorax.  The 
generic  reference  is  provisional,  being  based  mostly  on  facies. 


ATHOUS  LETHALIS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  1,  2. 

Form  elongate,  parallel.  Head  finely  and  extremely  densely  punc- 
tured and  with  a  short  pubescence.  Antennae  long,  slender,  faintly 
serrate,  apparently  not  entire  but  reaching  far  beyond  the  prothoracic 
hind  angles,  basal  joints  too  poor  to  allow  of  their  definition.  Pro- 
thorax  punctured  similarly  to  the  head  but  a  trifle  more  coarsely  and 
less  deeply,  length  and  breadth  equal,  front  angles  slightly  prominent, 
sides  nearly  straight  to  the  hind  angles  which  are  acute  and  a  little 
divergent,  base  sinuate  each  side.  Scutellum  oblong  oval.  Elytra 
a  little  over  three  times  the  length  of  the  prothoracic  median  line, 
apices  conjointly  rounded,  finely  striate  and  pubescent,  the  striae  with 
small,  deep,  nearly  circular  or  slightly  elongate  punctures  which  are 
separated  in  the  series  by  their  own  diameters  or  something  more. 
Underside  of  prosternum  closely  and  finely  punctured,  the  prothoracic 
flanks  less  strongly,  sculpture  of  the  remainder  of  the  thoracic  scle- 
rites  and  abdomen  very  obscure.  Length,  from  front  margin  of  pro- 
thorax  to  elytral  tip,  8.40  mm.;  of  elytron,  5.50  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type.—  No.  2,728  and  2,729  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  8,464 
and  8,713  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.). 

The  prothorax  is  ornamented  with  a  broad  brown  stripe,  about  one 
third  of  the  discal  width,  occupying  the  median  area  from  base  to 
apex,  similar  to  that  seen  in  the  recent  A.  excavatus,  from  California. 
The  latter  insect,  however,  is  much  more  coarsely  sculptured.  The 
coxal  plates  are  not  well  displayed  in  the  fossil,  but  the  prosternal 
lobe  and  sutures,  as  well  as  the  general  form,  correspond  well  with 
the  genus  in  which  I  have  placed  it. 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  519 

ATHOUS  CONTUSUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  3,  4. 

Form  very  elongate,  subparallel.  Head  moderately  coarsely  and 
fairly  closely  punctured.  Antennae  slender,  and,  when  complete, 
probably  reaching  or  passing  the  pro  thoracic  hind  angles.  Only  a 
few  of  the  joints  are  well  defined  and  these  are  scarcely  serrate.  Pro- 
thorax  long,  narrow,  the  sides  not  in  good  condition,  apparently  wider 
at  base  than  at  apex,  hind  angles  only  moderately  pronounced,  flanks 
rather  closely  but  not  coarsely  punctured,  prosternum  more  strongly. 
Elytra  long,  conjointly  rounded  at  apex,  strongly  sculptured,  the 
punctures  of  the  striae  rounded,  separated  longitudinally  by  their 
own  diameters  or  a  little  more.  Abdominal  punctuation  fine,  moder- 
ately close.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  11.15  mm.; 
of  elytron,  7.65  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,727  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  8,346  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

The  specimen  is  preserved  in  such  a  way  as  to  show  the  upper  side 
of  the  head  and  elytra  and  the  details  of  the  underside  of  the  pro- 
thorax,  due  to  the  manner  of  splitting  the  stone.  It  retains  a  portion 
of  the  raised  frontal  margin  and  the  aspect  is  quite  that  of  Athous. 

ATHOUS  FRACTUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  5. 

Form  elongate.  Head  with  a  rather  well-pronounced  frontal  mar- 
gin, surface  finely  punctate  and  pubescent.  Antennae  weakly  serrate, 
slender,  the  basal  and  apical  joints  poorly  defined,  but  in  life  the 
antennal  tip  evidently  attained  or  passed  the  pro  thoracic  hind  angles. 
Prothorax  very  little  broader  than  long,  surface  finely,  not  closely 
punctate  and  pubescent.  Sides  very  little  arcuate,  angles  small,  the 
hind  ones  not  in  good  preservation  but  evidently  carinate  and  at  least 
moderately  prominent.  The  notch  in  front  of  the  angle,  as  shown 
on  the  figure,  is  perhaps  adventitious.  Scutellum  oblong.  Elytra 
broken  at  tip  but  apparently,  if  complete,  not  much,  if  any,  less  than 
three  times  as  long  as  the  prothorax,  finely  striate,  ,the  striae  with 
irregularly  spaced,  round,  or  often  elongate  or  elliptical,  punctures 


520  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

separated  by  more  or  less  than  their  own  long  diameters.  Interstitial 
spaces  flat,  broad,  pubescent  but  scarcely  visibly  punctulate.  Only 
one  leg  shows,  which  is  of  moderate  size.  Length  of  fragment,  13.40 
mm.;  of  prothorax,  along  median  line,  3.50  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type. —  In  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado.  It  was 
collected  at  Station  14,  Florissant,  Colo.,  by  S.  A.  Rohwer. 

Placed  in  Athous  because  of  the  form,  the  coxal  plates  (only  in- 
distinctly seen),  the  frontal  margin  and  the  very  long  prosternal  lobe 
which  shows  through  as  indicated,  Plate  6,  fig.  5.  In  this  figure,  the 
dotted  lines  will  show  the  courses  of  the  elytral  striae,  but  the  punc- 
tures are  actually  somewhat  smaller  and  more  numerous  than  the  dots 
which  might  be  taken -to  represent  them.  It  seems  smoother  than 
the  recent  North  American  species  known  to  me. 


PARANOMUS  EXANIMATUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  6,  7. 

Form  only  moderately  elongate.  Head  practically  smooth.  An- 
tennae not  well  enough  preserved  to  show  the  relative  sizes  of  most 
of  the  joints,  but  they  are  quite  weakly  or  scarcely  serrate,  reaching, 
in  life,  beyond  the  prothoracic  hind  angles.  Prothorax  in  poor 
condition  and  probably  somewhat  distorted,  but  as  shown  it  is  a  little 
more  than  one  fifth  broader  than  long,  wider  in  front  of  the  middle, 
front  angles  a  little  acute,  sides  moderately  arcuate  in  anterior  three 
fourths,  thence  sinuate,  in  reverse  curve,  to  the  hind  angles  which 
are  sharp  and  slightly  divergent,  base  broadly  emarginate  in  front 
of  the  scutellum,  sinuate  each  side,  surface  minutely,  sparsely  punc- 
tured. Scutellum  suborbicular.  Elytra  three  times  the  length  of  the 
prothoracic  median  line,  conjointly  rounded  apically,  not  striate  nor 
visibly  punctured  but  finely  pubescent.  Underside  nearly  smooth. 
Length,  7.00  mm. ;  of  elytron,  4.30  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type. —  In  the  collection  of  H.  F.  Wickham.  Wilson  Ranch, 
Florissant,  Colo.  With  it  is  associated,  somewhat  doubtfully,  an- 
other from  the  same  source. 

Most  probably  a  Paranomus,  but  more  finely  sculptured  than  P. 
costalis  or  P.  estriatus,  the  only  recent  species  know  to  me. 
The  prosternal  sutures  are  moderately  curved,  the  hind  coxal 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  521 

plates  but  slightly  dilated  externally  and  without  a  distinct  tooth 
over  the  thighs.  The  beetle  differs  from  P.  laevissimus  in  the 
proportions  of  the  elytra  and  prothorax,  as  well  as  in  some  minor 
details  which  may  be  gathered  from  the  descriptions. 

PARANOMUS  LAEVISSIMUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  10. 

Form  fairly  stout.  Head  very  finely  punctulate,  a  little  more 
coarsely  anteriorly.  Antennae  poorly  preserved,  slender,  scarcely 
at  all  serrate.  Prothorax  almost  absolutely  smooth,  neither  side 
completely  preserved  but  from  a  combination  of  the  two  it  is  evident 
that  the  base  and  apex  were  subequal,  the  width  about  one  third 
greater  than  the  length,  sides  arcuate,  sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind 
angles  which  are  somewhat  divergent,  acute  and  carinate,  basal 
margin  strongly  sinuate  each  side.  Scutellum  obscure,  apparently 
oblong.  Elytra  two  and  three  fifths  times  the  length  of  the  pro- 
thoracic  median  line,  without  sculpture  except  two  lines  of  faint 
elongate  punctures  near  the  outer  edges  and  some  still  weaker  ones 
on  the  disk,  no  visible  hair  marks.  Underside  almost  perfectly 
smooth.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral  apex,  8.10  mm.;  of 
elytron,  4.75  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type. —  In  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado,  collected  at 
Station  14,  Florissant,  Colo.,  by  Mrs.  W.  P.  Cockerell. 

Perhaps  the  most  striking  characteristic  of  this  beetle  is  the  almost 
total  lack  of  sculpture.  The  form  is  like  that  of  Cardiophorus  and 
the  curved  prosternal  sutures  are  similar  to  those  found  in  that  genus, 
but  the  spine  is  not  truncate  nor  is  the  scutellum  cordiform.  The 
nature  of  the  prosternal  sutures  forbids  reference  to  Cryptohypnus, 
and  while  the  coxal  plates  are  not  distinctly  shown  I  think  they  are 
gradually  smaller  externally  as  in  the  Corymbitini.  The  practical 
lack  of  elytral  striation  leads  me  to  refer  the  insect  to  Paranomus. 

PARANOMUS  HEERI,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  6,  fig.  8,  9. 

Form  only  fairly  elongate.  Head  minutely,  sparsely  punctulate 
on  the  vertex,  more  closely  at  front  and  sides.  Antennae  bent  under 


522  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

the  body,  lying  along  the  breast  near  the  prosternal  sutures,  not  well 
enough  defined  for  description.  Prothorax  punctulate,  finely  and 
sparsely,  the  outline  incomplete  on  one  side  but  evidently  the  width 
is  about  one  half  greater  than  the  median  length,  base  and  apex 
subequal,  front  angles  obtuse,  sides  regularly  rounding  to  the  hind 
angles  which  are  obscure  and  probably  short.  Scutellum  oval. 
Elytra  a  little  over  three  times  the  prothoracic  length,  apices  con- 
jointly rounding,  surface  distinctly  and  rather  deeply  but  finely  and 
sparsely  punctured  without  any  definite  strial  arrangement.  Under- 
side obscurely,  finely  punctate.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral 
apex,  4.65  mm.;  of  elytron,  3.25  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type. —  In  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado.  It  was 
collected  at  Station  14,  Florissant,  Colo.,  by  Dr.  W.  M.  Wheeler, 
while  a  member  of  one  of  Professor  Cockerell's  expeditions. 

Probably  not  a  true  Paranomus,  but  I  can  find  no  better  place  for 
it  and  the  assemblage  of  visible  characters  points  in  that  direction. 
The  metacoxal  plates  are  not  suddenly  dilated,  the  prosternal  lobe 
is  moderate,  the  sutures  nearly  straight,  apparently  slightly  excavate 
anteriorly,  the  elytra  not  striate.  The  size  is  somewhat  less  than  that 
of  the  recent  P.  estriatus,  from  Mt.  Washington. 


LUDIOPHANES,  gen.  nov. 

Form  of  Ludius.  Elytra  confusedly  punctate,  not  striate.  Coxal 
plates  gradually  narrowed  externally  and  not  toothed  over  the  inser- 
tion of  the  thighs.  Scutellum  ogival. 

Type. —  L.  haydeni,  sp.  nov. 


LUDIOPHANES  HAYDENI,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  4,  fig.  7-9. 

Form  moderately  elongate,  tapering  a  little  to  both  ends.  Head 
short,  closely,  deeply,  and  coarsely  punctured,  except  on  the  extreme 
frontal  region  where  the  sculpture  is  more  shallow.  Antennae  very 
slightly  longer  than  the  prothoracic  median  line  but  not  reaching  the 
tips  of  the  hind  angles,  eleven  jointed,  feebly  serrate,  first  joint  large, 
second  shorter  than  the  third,  third  and  fourth  subequal  in  length, 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  523 

eleventh  much  longer  than  the  tenth.  Eyes  not  strongly  convex. 
Prothorax  a  little  broader  than  long,  slightly  narrower  at  apex  than 
at  base,  front  angles  acute,  sides  gently  and  almost  regularly  arcuate, 
faintly  sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind  angles  which  are  acute  and  feebly 
divergent.  The  thoracic  apex  seems  hardly  emarginate,  the  base  is 
notched  in  front  of  the  scutellum  and  sinuate  each  side.  Punctuation 
of  pronotum  close,  deep,  and  rather  coarse  over  the  entire  surface, 
the  punctures  everywhere  separated  by  much  less  than  their  own 
diameters  and  but  slightly  less  crowded  along  the  median  line  than 
at  sides,  each  with  a  central  mark  which  looks  as  if  it  may  have  been 
the  point  of  insertion  of  a  hair  or  scale.  Scutellum  oval,  much  longer 
than  wide,  coarsely  punctured.  Elytra  moderately  tapering,  not 
pointed  at  apices,  confusedly  but  in  general  evenly  punctured  except 
that  the  punctures  become  somewhat  more  sparse  posteriorly  where 
they  are  separated  by  spaces  about  equal  to  or  a  little  more  than  their . 
own  diameters.  Each  puncture  carried  a  moderately  long,  curved 
dark  hair,  giving  a  somewhat  shaggy  appearance  to  the  surface. 
Underside  of  body  well  preserved,  showing  the  following  features :  — 
prothoracic  flanks  finely  and  densely  punctured,  prosternum,  includ- 
ing the  spine,  more  coarsely  and  deeply;  lobe  strong,  rounded; 
sutures  double,  nearly  straight,  excavate  anteriorly;  meso-  and 
metasternal  areas  similarly  but  in  general  less  closely  punctate,  coxal 
plates  narrow,  little  dilated  externally,  with  a  rounded  lobe  over  the 
insertion  of  the  thighs;  abdominal  punctuation  rather  fine  but  deep, 
closer  externally  but  everywhere  well  separated.  Legs  not  well 
displayed.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  tip  of  abdomen,  excluding 
sex  organ,  14.25  mm.;  of  prothocax,  along  median  line,  3.35  mm.; 
of  elytron,  9.00  mm.;  of  antenna,  3.65  mm.;  width  of  prothorax, 
3.75  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type. —  In  the  collection  of  H.  F.  Wickham.  Wilson  Ranch, 
Florissant,  Colo. 

This  is  probably  the  finest  and  best  preserved  specimen  I  have 
seen  among  the  Elateridae  of  the  Florissant  shales.  The  aspect  is 
much  like  that  of  a  Ludius  or  of  a  Megapenthes,  like  the  recent  west- 
ern North  American  M.  aterrimus,  but  the  form  of  the  coxal  plates 
indicates  a  position  with  the  Corymbitini.  The  punctuation  does 
not  agree  with  that  of  any  species  of  the  group  known  to  me  and 
serves  at  once  to  differentiate  it  from  all  the  Florissant  fossil  Elateridae 
of  similar  size.  The  antenna  and  sex  organ  are  omitted  (Plate  4, 
fig.  7)  but  the  former  is  shown  (Plate  4,  fig.  8). 


524  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 


CORYMBITES  FRiMiTivus  Wickham. 

Described  in  American  journal  of  science,  1908,  ser.  4,  26,  p.  77, 
fig.  2.  It  is  a  large  species,  about  22  mm.  in  length,  and  seems  not 
to  have  been  particularly  rare.  The  type  is  in  the  Peabody  Museum 
of  Yale  University  and  was  found  at  Station  14,  Florissant,  Colo., 
by  G.  N.  Rohwer.  None  are  in  the  collections  of  the  Museum  of 
Comparative  Zoology,  but  I  have  a  good  example,  with  counterpart, 
and  the  prothorax  of  another  from  the  Wilson  Ranch. 


CORYMBITES  GRANULICOLLIS  Wickham. 

This  was  described  in  the  same  article  as  the  preceding.  It  is  still 
larger,  24  mm.  long,  and  is  the  most  striking  of  all  the  Florissant 
Elateridae  as  far  as  size  is  concerned.  The  type  is  with  the  Peabody 
Museum,  at  Yale  University.  I  have  a  very  good  specimen  obtained 
at  Florissant  from  a  local  collector  who  claimed  to  have  found  it  in 
the  railroad  cut  that  runs  through  the  Corixa  bed.  I  doubt  the 
accuracy  of  his  statement.  The  original  locality  was  Station  14, 
which  has  yielded  many  beautiful  insects  of  various  families. 


CORYMBITES  SUBMERSUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  7,  fig.  1-3. 

Form  fairly  elongate.  Head  moderately  coarsely  punctured  on  the 
front,  vertex  becoming  only  faintly  sculptured.  Antennae  broken, 
but  enough  remains  to  show  that  the  second  joint  is  shorter  than  the 
third  and,  judging  from  the  portions  preserved,  the  organ,  when  com- 
plete, reached  slightly  beyond  the  points  of  the  prothoracic  hind 
angles.  The  antennal  serrations  are  faint.  Mandibles  a  little  promi- 
nent. Prothorax  short,  narrow  anteriorly,  broadest  across  the  base, 
the  sides  arcuate  near  the  front  angles,  which  are  obtuse,  but  becoming 
nearly  straight  to  the  hind  angles  which  are  long,  sharp,  divergent, 
and  carinate.  The  sculpture  of  the  pronotum  consists  of  an  extremely 
fine  punctuation,  with  rather  sparse  pubescence.  There  is  a  fine 
lateral  marginal  bead  the  full  length  of  each  side.  Scutellum  oblong. 
Elytra  striate,  the  striae  with  fine,  deep,  rounded  or  somewhat  elon- 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  525 

gate  punctures  separated  in  the  series  by  something  more  or  less  than 
their  own  diameters.  Underside  showing  that  the  prosternum  is 
strongly,  closely  and  rather  coarsely  punctured  around  the  anterior 
portion  of  the  lobe,  nearly  smooth  at  middle,  side  pieces  vaguely 
punctate,  abdomen  thinly  pubescent,  the  punctuation  fine,  shallow 
and  sparse.  Legs  poorly  preserved,  of  moderate  size.  Length,  from 
front  of  head  to  abdominal  apex,  13.50  mm.;  of  elytron,  9.45  mm.; 
of  pro  thorax,  along  median  line,  2.45  mm. ;  width  of  pro  thorax  across 
base,  just  in  front  of  hind  angles,  3.35  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen,  with  counterpart. 

Type. —  In  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado.  It  was  col- 
lected by  G.  N.  Rohwer,  at  Station  14,  Florissant,  Colo. 

Easily  distinguished  from  the  other  Florissant  fossil  Corymbites 
by  the  short  prothorax  and  widely  divergent  hind  angles  which  give 
the  appearance  of  the  recent  C.  appressus  from  the  northern  United 
States  and  Canada.  That  species,  however,  has  the  prosternum  and 
elytra  differently  sculptured.  The  prosternal,  coxal,  and  antennal 
characters  of  the  fossil  all  agree  well  with  the  genus  in  which  it  is 
placed. 

CORYMBITES  RESTRUCTUS,  sp.  nov. 
Plate  7,  fig.  4. 

Form  fairly  elongate,  tapering  to  the  ends  as  in  the  recent  C.  hiero- 
glyphicus.  Since  the  specimen  is  exposed  in  ventral  view,  no  de- 
scription of  the  upper  surface  can  be  given.  Head  poorly  preserved, 
antennae  not  shown.  Prothorax  rather  closely  and  fairly  coarsely 
punctured  beneath,  more  deeply  and  strongly  on  the  prosternum, 
spine  margined  at  sides,  lobe  much  rounded,  hind  angles  long  and 
acute,  slightly  diverging.  Metasternal  and  abdominal  punctuation 
much  shallower  and  more  vague  than  that  of  the  prothorax.  Hind 
leg  moderately  long,  the  first  tarsal  joint  not  much  lengthened,  the 
fourth  and  fifth  obscured.  Elytra  pointed  at  apex,  sides  rather 
strongly  rounding.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  abdominal  apex, 
but  without  extruded  sex  organ,  16.30  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type. —  In  the  Museum  of  the  University  of  Colorado.  It  was  col- 
lected by  Mrs.  W.  P.  Cockerell  at  Station  14,  Florissant,  Colo. 

Undoubtedly  a  Corymbites  and  easily  distinguished  from  C.  primi- 
timis  or  C.  granulicollis  by  its  smaller  size  and  more  fusiform  outline. 


526  BULLETIN:  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY. 

CORYMBITES  PROPHETIC  US,  Sp.  HOV. 
Plate  7,  fig.  5. 

Form  stout.  Head  in  very  poor  preservation,  finely,  regularly, 
and  closely  punctate.  Antennae  wanting.  Prothorax  at  sides  punc- 
tured almost  exactly  like  the  head,  a  little  more  finely  and  sparsely  on 
the  disk,  about  one  fourth  broader  than  long,  sides  nearly  regularly 
arcuate,  somewhat  more  suddenly  in  front,  anterior  angles  slightly 
acute,  hind  ones  quite  strongly  so,  feebly  divergent  and  carinate. 
Scutellum  oblong.  Elytra  quite  strongly  arcuate  at  sides,  apices 
conjointly  rounded,  finely  striate,  striae  with  distinct  but  not  coarse 
punctures  which  are  circular  or  slightly  elongate  and  separated  in  each 
series  by  their  own  diameters  or  less.  Interspaces  broad,  flattened 
or  nearly  so,  finely  punctulate  and  distinctly  pubescent.  Legs 
wanting.  Length,  from  front  of  head  to  elytral  tip,  10.90  mm.; 
of  elytron,  6.55  mm.;  of  prothorax  along  median  line,  3.00  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type.—  No.  2,724  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  13,657  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.).  With  it  is  associated,  somewhat  doubtfully,  No. 
2,275  M.  C.  Z.  (No.  11,282  S.  H.  Scudder  Coll.).  Two  poor  specimens 
from  Station  13  and  13B  are  in  the  Museum  of  the  University  of 
Colorado. 

This  is  quite  surely  a  Corymbites  and  is  of  the  same  general  form 
as  the  recent  C.  aereipennis,  common  in  the  northern  and  mountain 
regions  of  this  continent.  The  sculpture  seems  not  to  have  been  very 
different.  The  size  and  outline  will  distinguish  it  from  all  the  other 
fossil  Florissant  species. 

OXYGONUS   PRIMUS,    Sp.    UOV. 

Plate  7,  fig.  6. 

Form  fairly  stout.  Head  not  well  preserved,  showing  no  sculpture. 
Antennae  moderately  long  but  the  individual  joints  are  not  definable. 
Prothorax  stout,  suborbicular,  the  sides  strongly  rounded,  apex  and 
base  subequal,  prosternal  grooves  double,  somewhat  curved,  lobe 
long,  front  edge  quite  arcuate  and  strongly  advanced,  sculpture  fine 
or  nearly  wanting.  Elytron  about  four  times  as  long  as  wide,  moder- 


WICKHAM:  FOSSIL  ELATERIDAE  OF  FLORISSANT.  527 

ately  pointed  apically,  punctatostriate,  the  punctures  rounded  or 
somewhat  elongate  and  separated  in  each  row  by  more  than  their 
own  diameters.  Abdomen  and  legs  wanting.  Length,  from  front 
of  head  to  elytral  apex,  6.00  mm. ;  of  elytron,  3.85  mm. 

Described  from  one  specimen. 

Type  —  No.  2,726  M.  C.  Z.  Florissant,  Colo.  (No.  6,381  S.  H. 
Scudder  Coll.). 

A  small  species,  about  the  size  of  the  recent  Californian  0.  ater. 
The  form  of  the  prothorax  will  separate  it  at  once  from  all  the  other 
fossil  Florissant  Elateridae. 


MELANACTES  COCKERELLI  Wickham. 

Originally  described  in  the  American  journal  of  science,  1908,  ser.  4, 
26,  p.  77,  fig.  3.  The  type  is  in  the  Peabody  Museum  of  Yale  Uni- 
versity and  was  collected  at  Station  14,  Florissant,  Colo.  No  other 
specimens  have  come  to  light.  It  is  a  large  insect,  23.50  mm.  in  length 
and  similar  in  general  appearance  to  the  Florissant  fossil  Corymbites 
granulicollis. 


PLATE  1, 


-WIOKHAM. —  The  Fossa  Elateridae  of  Florissant. 


PLATE   1. 

Fig.  1.  Deltometopus  fossilis. 

2.  Deltometopus  fossilis,  antenna. 

3.  Fornax  relictus. 

4.  Microrhagus  miocenicus. 

5.  Microrhagus  vulcanicus. 

6.  Lacon  exhumatus. 

7.  Lacon  exhumatus,  antenna. 

8.  Cryptohypnus  exterminatus. 

9.  Cryptohypnus  exterminatus,  antenna. 


BULL.  MUS.  COMP.  ZOOL. 


FLORISSANT  ELATERIDAE.   PLATE  1 


PLATE  2. 


WICKHAM. —  The  Fossil  Elateridae  of  Florissant. 


PLATE  2. 

Fig.     1.  Cardiophorus  lithographus. 

2.  Cardiophorus  lithographus,  underside  of  prothorax. 

3.  Cardiophorus  lithographus,  hind  coxal  plate. 

4.  Cardiophorus  florissantensis. 

5.  Cardiophorus  florissantensis,  hind  coxal  plate. 

6.  Cardiophorus  cockerelli. 

7.  Cardiophorus  requiescens. 

8.  Cardiophorus  requiescens,  prosternal  spine. 

9.  Cardiophorus  (?)  deprivatus. 

10.  Cardiophorus  (?)  deprivatus,  antenna. 

11.  Horistonotus  coloradensis. 

12.  Horistonotus  coloradensis,  hind  coxal  plate. 


BULL.  MUS.  COMP.  ZOOL. 


FLORISSANT  ELATERIDAE.   PLATE  2 


PLATE  3. 


\V ICKHAM. —  The  Fossil  Elateridae  of  Florissant. 


PLATE  3. 

Fig.  1.  Cryptohypnus  hesperus. 

2.  Anchastus  eruptus. 

3.  Anchastus  eruptus,  antenna. 

4.  Anchastus  diluvialis. 

5.  Elater  rohweri. 

6.  Elater  rohweri,  underside  of  prothorax. 

7.  Elater  scudderi. 

8.  Elater  scudderi,  antenna. 

9.  Elater  florissantensis. 


BULL.  MUS.  COMP.  ZOOL. 


FLORISSANT  EUTERIDAE.   PLATES 


PLATE  4. 


\ViCKHAM.-The  Foasil  Elateridae  of  Florissant. 


PLATE  4. 

Fig.  1.  Monocrepidius  dubiosus. 

2.  Megapenthes  primaevus. 

3.  Cryptagriotes  minusculus. 

4.  Agriotes  comminutus. 

5.  Agriotes  comminutus,  hind  coxal  plate. 

6.  Agriotes  nearcticus. 

7.  Ludiophanes  haydeni. 

8.  Ludiophanes  haydeni,  antenna. 

9.  Ludiophanes  haydeni,  hind  coxal  plate. 


BULL.  MUS.  COMP.  ZOOL. 


FLORISSANT  ELATERIDAE.   PLATE  4 


PLATE  6. 


WICKHAM. —  The  Fossil  Elateridae  of  Florissant. 


PLATE  6. 

Fig.     1.  Limonius  aboriginalis. 

2.  Limonius  aboriginalis,  underside  of  prothorax. 

3.  Limonius  aboriginalis,  hind  coxal  plate. 

4.  Limonius  aboriginalis,  antenna. 

5.  Limonius  florissantensis. 

6.  Limonius  florissantensis,  hind  coxal  plate. 

7.  Limonius  florissantensis,  hind  tarsus. 

8.  Limonius  praecursor. 

9.  Limonius  praecursor,  antenna. 

10.  Limonius  shoshonis. 

11.  Limonius  volans. 


BULL.  MUS.  COMP.  ZOOL. 


FLORISSANT  ELATERIDAE.   PLATE  5 


10 


PLATE  6. 


WICKHAM. —  The  Fossil  Kliiteridne  of  Florissar 


PLATE  6. 

Fig.     1.  Athous  lethalis. 

2.  Athous  lethalis,  underside  of  prothorax. 

3.  Athous  contusus. 

4.  Athous  contusus,  antenna. 

5.  Athous  fractus. 

6.  Paranomus  exaniraatus. 

7.  Paranomus  exanimatus,  hind  coxal  plate. 

8.  Paranomus  heeri. 

9.  Paranomus  heeri,  hind  coxal  plate. 
10.  Paranomus  laevissimus. 


BULL.  MUS.  COMP.  ZOOL. 


FLORISSANT  ELATERIDAE.   PLATE  6 


PLATE  7. 


WICKHAM. —  The  Fossil  KlsUericlae  of  Florissant. 


PLATE  7. 

Fig.  1.  Corymbites  submersus. 

2.  Corymbites  submersus,  underside  of  prothorax. 

3.  Corymbites  submersus,  hind  coxal  plate. 

4.  Corymbites  restructus. 

5.  Corymbites  propheticus. 

6.  Oxygonus  primus. 


BULL.  MUS.  COMP.  ZOOL. 


FLORISSANT  ELATERIDAE.   PLATE  7 


DATE  DUE 


000  840 1  621     7 


•  >MPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY 

- 


1  i\   VoK.   I.  io  I,i\  .  anil 
KOIRS,  Vols.  I    to  XXIX..  and 
.  XXXVJ   to  XXXYII1    XL   to  XUI 

ind    LXII.  ol    tli,    Hi  i  i  MIX.  and  Vols. 
M.!!!.,  XLY.   toX]  EX  of  the  MEMOIRS, 

d    to   the   puhlieation   of 

Museum,    nf    investigations 

the  d  Eferenl    Laboratories  of 

'          based  upon  ihc  Museum 

pai    tion 

L877  to  ISMI.  in  chai  g< 
Survej  St'-.-itiHT  "  Hlakc,"  Lieut. 
nander  .1.   II.   Hartlct.t, 

189]  of  the  1  .  S   Fish  Commission 

.i,-      ,     S.  N.i  Oom- 

dition  in  the  Tropical  Tacilir,  in 

Si    I-'ish   Commission   Steamer 

o  March,  1900,  Commander  Jefferson  I-'. 

pedition  to  (he  l-lastern  Tropical 
on  the  U.  S.  Fish  Commission 
1904,   to    April,    1 «)().-,.    Lieut.   Com- 
iinmanding. 

i ..  L.  Mark.  Director. 
R,    \.  Daly,  in  charge. 

:«•(!    in   junnhers  at   irregular   intervals. 

of  the  Mi-moirs  is  sold  separately. 

the  Museum  will  he  sent  on  appli- 

the    Museum    of    Comparative   Zoology, 


